Category: Education Subcategory: sats
Simple explanations of important techniques to help you through your SATS ...
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Last Update: Sat Dec 22 19:59:17 2007 | | + how to improve your comprehension +
Finding information in texts is something you have to do every day, for example when you read a book, use a timetable or research on [...] it says, not what's actually on the page!
Use you skimming and scanning skills to home in on the information, and write it down.
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| + How magnetism works +
Magnetism
- A magnet will pull some metals towards itself.
- Most metals are not attracted (not pulled) to magnets.
- The metals [...] Two magnets with like poles facing will repel (push away) each other.
- The pull of a magnet can be measured with a newton meter. |
| + How sound can be understood +
Physical Processes: Sound
Loudness
- A vibrating object can make a quiet sound or a loud sound.
- To make a louder sound from a [...] is carrying vibrations from objects to our ears.
- If there is no material between an object and our ears we cannot hear any sound. |
| + How to be more accurate +
Accuracy
If we weigh each plum individually, we may get a range of weights between 36.25g and 44.68g. It may not be necessary to be [...] whole mg.
- Athletic times are given to the nearest hundredth of a second
- Distances are given to the nearest mile or kilometre. |
| + How to classify plants and animals +
Classification
Classifying means arranging animals or plants in groups.
Scientists use similarities and differences to put living [...] Take one animal at a time.
3. Start with the first question, and answer it for that animal only.
4. Follow the line from each answer |
| + How to comprehend light +
Sources and reflectors of light
- A source makes its own light.
- The sun and other stars, very hot metal and fires are sources of [...] is blocked.
- A shadow is formed where light is blocked.
- If an object is moved closer to a light source the shadow gets bigger. |
| + how to construct an angle +
Steps:
1. Use the straight edge of the protractor to draw a straight line. This line will form one side of your angle.
2. [...] angle.
6. Use the straight edge of the protractor to connect the mark to the end point of the first line, forming an angle.
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| + how to construct an equilateral triangle with a compass +
Construction steps
Draw a circle.
Without changing the compass opening, pick a point on the circle as a new center and draw [...] the two centers and your chosen intersection point with line segments.
You have just constructed an equilateral triangle.
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| + How to deal with decimals +
When rounding off numbers, we can take the number of places after the decimal, or look at the whole number.
e.g. if we work out the [...] 3rd number after the decimal point is less than 5, so the answer is 0.00. We need the two places of decimals in the answer. |
| + How to deal with expressions +
Expressions
An expression is a mathematical statement that may use numbers, variables, or both.
Example:
The following are [...] and subtraction.
(1 + z) × 2 + 12 ÷ 3 - z becomes
(1 + 4) × 2 + 12 ÷ 3 - 4 =
5 × 2 + 12 ÷ 3 - 4 =
10 + 4 - 4 =
10. |
| + How to deal with fractions +
Fractions
This section is designed to help you understand "fractions" and to lead you through a number of calculations involving [...] 1/9 from 1/3
(1/3 – 1/9) = (3/9 – 1/9) = 2/9
Multiplying and Dividing Fractions
To multiply fractions we simply multipl |
| + How to deal with imperial units +
Imperial units
We mainly use metric measures, but there are some older units called imperial units that we sometimes use. For [...] whole ones. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
- Don't count squares that are less than half in the shape.
- So the area is approximately 10cm² |
| + how to deal with lengths +
Lengths 1 nail = 2¼ inches
4 inches = 1 hand
12 inches = 1 foot
3 foot = 1 yard
5.5 yards = 1 rod
6 foot = 1 fathom
22 yards = ... |
| + how to deal with measures, length, weight and capacity +
Measures
Length
Weight
Capacity
You need to know these units:
millimetre (mm) gram (g) millilitre (ml)
centimetre (cm) kilogram [...] =
100dl = 10cl
Try to remember:
deci = tenth part
centi = hundredth part
milli = thousandth part
kilo = 1000 times the unit
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| + how to deal with operators and BODMAS +
Operators and BODMAS
Operators are processes which can be performed on numbers, e.g. +. - , x, ÷, raising to a power by the use of [...] additon
S is for subtraction.
e.g. Find the value of a in the equation
a =5(6 + 3)
10
a = (5 x 9) ÷ 10
a = 45 ÷ 10
a = 4.5 |
| + how to deal with scientific notataion and standard form +
We sometimes have to deal with very large or very small numbers. These are often approximations of real quantities which cannot be [...] and 6 x 106
To do this we have to write both numbers in the same power of 10:
6 x 106 is the same as 0.6 x 105
(5 + 0.6) = 5.6 x 105
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| + how to deal with significant figures +
When looking at significant figures, the numbers are counted from the left
The abbreviation s.f. can be used.
e.g.Write the number [...] greater than 5,
Therefore the answer is 1900.
The first 2 figures are significant, the last two keep the magnitude of the number.
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| + how to deal with the continuous present +
The continuous present
The tense of a verb tells us when the action was done. The action can be done in the past, present or [...] working hard
NOTE! Sometimes you can use the present continuous to talk about the future.
e.g. I am going on holiday on Friday.
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| + how to deal with the present +
The simple present
The tense of a verb tells us when the action was done. The action can be done in the past, present or [...] tries hard.
I watch a lot of films, we watch a lot of films, he watches a lot of films.
I seem OK, we seem OK, it seems OK.
|
| + how to deal with time +
Time
You need to know these equivalent times:
1 minute = 60 seconds
1 hour = 60 minutes
1 day = 24 hours
1 week = 7 days
1 [...] the 'knuckle' months have 31 days.
February has 28 days (29 in a leap year). April, June, September and November have 30 days.
|
| + how to decide what is a living thing +
Growth - G - Giraffes
To grow is to increase in size. Growth is the process of growing
Baby animals get bigger and become [...] their surroundings change and respond to them
REMEMBER...
being able to do all of these is what makes things living organisms
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| + how to describe the food chain +
ANIMALS CANNOT MAKE THEIR OWN FOOD AND SO THEY HAVE TO -
EAT PLANTS AND OTHER ANIMALS.
A FOOD CHAIN SHOWS HOW PLANTS ARE EATEN BY ... |
| + how to describe the water cycle +
When the weather is warm, water in lakes, rivers and the sea evaporates - it turns into vapour and rises into the air. In the air, the [...] water in the soil. The water moves from the roots into the leaves. Somes of it evaporates into the air. This is called transpiration.
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| + how to distinguish between solids, liquids and gases +
What are solids, liquids and gases made of?
To help explain the differences between solids, liquids and gases we need to look [...] is put into.
Because there is space between the particles, they can be squashed into a smaller volume when the gas is compressed.
|
| + how to draw Right Triangles using calculated lengths +
Probably the most frequent means of drawing a right triangle is when the length of the sides of the right triangle have been [...] and mark both lines from the vertex of the 90° angle.
Third: Connect the points and you will have drawn a 45° right triangle.
|
| + how to improve your mental maths +
Counting on
Counting on is a good method for subtracting numbers mentally.
To find the difference between 37 and 63...
Picture a [...]
37 + 45 = 82
Multiplication and division are also inverses.
Division can be checked by multiplying.
81 ÷ 3 = 27
27 x 3 = 81
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| + how to interpret fractions and decimals +
Fractions and decimals
You can use your calculator to change fractions to decimals. Divide the top number (the numerator) by the [...] the third digit after the decimal point. If it is 5 or more, round up the second digit.
So, 2 is 0.29 to two decimal places.
7
|
| + how to look for a sensible answer +
Looking for a Sensible Answer
When we are confronted with a problem it is often helpful to make an estimate of a rough answer to get a [...] and not likely in any Supermarket package, so we may need to investigate more closely to get an accurate estimation of the weights.
|
| + how to measure an angle +
Steps:
1. Find the center hole on the straight edge of the protractor.
2. Place the hole over the vertex, or point, of the [...]
Angles that measure fewer than 90 degrees are called acute angles. Those measuring more than 90 degrees are called obtuse angles.
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| + how to round up and down +
If the answer to a calculation gives us an answer which is too accurate to be sensible, we can round the number up or down, according [...] 100m running record by completing the distance in 9.4567 seconds.
To the nearest hundredth of a second, this is recorded as 9.46
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| + how to talk about the future +
Talking about the future
The tense of a verb tells us when the action was done. The action can be done in the past, present or [...]
What are you going to do this evening?
I'm going to watch a film on TV.
I think it's going to rain.
He's going to play football.
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| + how to talk about the past +
Talking about the past (1)
The tense of a verb tells us when the action was done. The action can be done in the past, present or [...] five years' = regular simple past tense
'I normally go to work by bus, but yesterday I went in the car' = irregular simple past tense
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| + how to talk about the past +
Talking about the past (2)
The tense of a verb tells us when the action was done. The action can be done in the past, present or [...] past continuous is made by having was, or were + the verb + 'ing'.
I
he
she
it was working hard
you
we
they were working hard
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| + how to understand balanced and unbalanced forces +
Balanced Forces
If an object is still the forces are balanced.
An upthrust takes place when an object displaces air or a liquid. It [...]
Unbalanced forces
If an object starts to move, speeds up, slows down, stops or changes direction, the forces are unbalanced.
|
| + How to understand day and night and the moon +
Day and night
All these effects are caused by the Earth spinning on its axis:
The sun appears to move across the sky in the day. [...] see phases of the moon because light from the sun reflects off the moon.
A solar eclipse is when the moon blocks the sun's light.
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| + how to understand gravity and friction +
Gravity
An object has a mass, which is the total amount of material it is made of. Mass is not a force and is measured in Kilograms. [...] an upward force found in gases and liquids. It is made by the gas or liquid below, pushing up more than the gas or liquid above.
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| + how to understand light +
Speed of Light
The speed of light is 299,792,458 metres per second. Or approximately 300 million metres per second, or 186 thousand [...] approximated as 300 million and is written as 3 x 108. To find out about this way of writing big numbers, see exponential notation
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| + how to use a calculator +
Basic Operations. Most calculators today have the following operations, which you need to know how to use: Operation English [...] "Do this first"
Store (STO) Put a number in memory for later use
Recall Get the number from memory for immediate use
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| + how to use a compass +
A compass is an instrument used to draw circles or the parts of circles called arcs. It consists of two movable arms hinged together [...] the results of questions 4, 5 and 6 to complete the following statements:
a. The size of the angle on the diameter of a circle with a |
| + How to use a dictionary +
Pick an entry or two to review. Find the parts of speech and related words, and look up the abbreviations used.
Find several [...] authority. It is written by trained professionals reporting on the real use of words and phrases by the general public.
|
| + how to use a protractor +
A protractor is a tool that allows you to measure an angle or construct an angle of a given measure.
Since you can measure [...] at 0 degrees; this is the set you want. You can check it because as the two legs get closer together, the angle should get smaller.
|
| + how to use apostrophes +
Apostrophes are a common source of confusion for many writers.
They needn't be, though, and this easy-to-follow article will help [...] This one concerns nouns that form their plural without adding an s. For example: woman/women, person/people, sheep/sheep and ch |
| + how to work out an animals habitat +
Habitats
The place where an animal or plant lives is called its habitat.
Habitats can be big - a forest - or small - a [...] drop the seeds in different places).
Marram grass has long roots so it can reach water, and thin leaves so that it doesn't dry up
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| + How to write about a poem +
Here is a simple checklist
Read the poem
Read it again
Briefly, what is it about?
What happens in each verse?
Is it in [...] what the poet is trying to say – what is their message?
What is your opinion of the poem? Why do you feel this way about it?
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| + how to write effectively +
I'm convinced, however, that a small number of grammar essentials have the biggest impact on our students' work and it's these we [...] battle saves his country and begins his obsession with power. Fighting without fear, he shows himself to be completely ruthless.
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| + Sentences +
A sentence must have a verb to be a proper sentence.
Remember a verb is a doing or being word
These are two sentences, the [...] is nota sentence because it does not have a verb:
I bought a car. For £500.
A sentence must also make sense on its own.
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